Absolutely Abnormal Numbers - Published as math.NT/0006089, this note investigates numbers that are normal to no base whatsoever, and writes down explicitly such a number.
Arabic numerals - Describes the history of the Arabic numeral system that is in use nearly all over the world today.
Ask Dr. Math: History of the Terms Google and Googleplex - Explains how these very large numbers (1 followed by a hundred zeroes, and 1 followed by a google of zeroes, respectively) were named. With links to references. From Swarthmore's Dr. Math.
Catalan Number -- MathWorld - Illustration of the Catalan numbers related to Euler's polygon division problem.
Friedmann's S-Numbers - These are numbers where an expression can be given using the operations of addition and squaring, using the digits of a number in order, which gives the original number. Algorithms, theorems and results.
Fun With Numbers - Includes some lists of numerals, relating to basic operations performed on certain constants. Not updated since 1995.
The Golden Pentagon - MathPages depiction of tiling a plane using a progression of equilateral triangles dividing a pentagon. Most interesting is that this pentagon is uniquely and recursively divided by triangles, just as is seen in the more common recursive division of the Golden Rectangle.
37 Heaven - Collects information around the number thirty-seven.
Indian numerals - Describes the history of the indian numeral system.
Inverse Symbolic Calculator - A set of programs and specialized tables of mathematical constants dedicated to the identification of real numbers.
Just Who is Mr. 666? - Uses gematria to calculate the number of the beast, and evaluates what it may mean w/r specific Hebrew words and names in the Bible adding up to 666.
Mathemagic - In praise of the beauty of the numbers pi, e and phi.
Square root of 2 - Provides information about the square root of 2, lists the first 1000 digits and provides links to pages with up to 5 million digits. Also contains download links for programming libraries for calculating numbers with high precision or many digits.
Stewy's Site - The infinitesimal is the opposite of infinity, and mathematicians still argue over its existence. This page probes into one of the weirdest numbers in mathematics.
Sum Beastliness - Some simple mathematics associated with 666, the Number of the Beast.
Triangular Numbers - Properties of triangular numbers including reversible, happy, harshad, highly composite, deficient, abundant ones.
Vampire Numbers - Numbers with a factorization containing the same digits, e.g. 1530 = 30*51.
Verbose.net - Dedicated to the natural order of the universe and to the irrational and logical chaos it presents.